Here are just some concept questions that are puzzling me..

The purpose of our lab was to determine the % of Vitamin C in "Tang" a brand that makes orange juice powder. It states 100%, and 8 fluid ounces is the theoretical value.

4 Students Calculations:
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A

7.562 ounces

B

8.421 ounces

C

7.673 ounces

D

8.394 ounces
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1) When filling the 1000.00 mL flask, the student looked down on the flask and due to parallax error thought the bottom of the meniscus was on the line, but the flask was really over filled.

Since the concentration would be technically lower, because of more water added, the titration point would be smaller, therefore the titration calculated values would be smaller? A & C?

2) The Tang was mixed incorrectly, too little water was added.
If there were too little water added, the concentration would be too much. Same idea as #1, so B and D?

3) The juice was under titrated.
If the juice was under titrated, then that means there were still vitamin c left to be reacted with. Therefore the final measurement of volume in the burret for the reacting solution would be off. therefore the calculated values would be too much? A & C?

If anyone could help, I would appreciate it! Thanks!

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